Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the physical and chemical sunscreens.

Physical sunscreens are agents that scatter and reflect UVR, while chemical sunscreens absorb UVR through a photochemical reaction. Physical sunscreens include zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and have advantages over chemical sunscreens. Physical sunscreens are inert, they do not break down over time, and they do not cause contact dermatitis or photodermatitis. They block both UVB and UVA (Table 49-2). However, physical sunscreens have one drawback: they leave a slight makeup base appearance to the skin that some people find unappealing.

Although chemical sunscreens do carry a risk for contact dermatitis and photodermatitis, the risk is quite low (0.1% to 2.0%). Another disadvantage of chemical sunscreens is that they degrade with sun exposure, requiring reapplication every 2 hours. However, for many people, the advantages of chemical sunscreens outweigh the disadvantages. Chemical sunscreens are available in a plethora of formulations, such as creams, lotions, and gels. There are formulations for use on the face, lips, and small children. Today, there are chemical sunscreen formulations that block both UVB and UVA, and these formulations should be recommended to patients.

 
Table 49-2. Sunscreens That Block UVB and UVA
 PRODUCT NAME SPF MANUFACTURER
 
Aveeno Continuous Protection
 
30, 50, 55, 70
 
Johnson and Johnson
 
Aveeno Baby
 
55
 
Johnson and Johnson
 
Banana Boat
 
15, 30, 50
 
Sun Pharmaceutical
 
Bull Frog
 
36, 50
 
Chattem
 
Clinique Sunblock
 
15, 30, 45, 50
 
Clinique
 
Coppertone Water Babies
 
50, 70
 
Schering-Plough
 
Coppertone Nutrashield
 
30, 70
 
Schering-Plough
 
Coppertone Sport
 
15, 30, 50, 70
 
Schering-Plough
 
Estee Lauder
 
15, 30
 
Estee Lauder
 
Hawaiian Tropic Shear Touch
 
15, 30, 50
 
Tanning Research
 
Hawaiian Tropic Ultimate
 
55, 70, 80
 
Tanning Research
 
Hawaiian Tropic Baby Faces
 
50, 60
 
Tanning Research
 
Neutrogena Ultra Sheer
 
55, 70, 85
 
Neutrogena
 
Neutrogena Sensitive Skin
 
30
 
Neutrogena
 
Neutrogena Baby
 
60
 
Neutrogena
 
No-Ad
 
15, 30, 45
 
Sun and Skin Care Research
 
No-Ad Babies
 
50
 
Sun and Skin Care Research
 
Pre Sun
 
27, 30
 
Bristol Myers
 
Mary Kay Sunscreen
 
15, 30
 
Mary Kay
 
Vanicream Sunscreen Sport
 
35
 
Pharmaceutical Specialties