What are the common fungal pathogens in HIV infection?

Candida and Cryptococcus species are the most common fungal infections in HIV-infected patients. See Table 32-3 for other fungal pathogens and their most frequent clinical presentation. Ampel NM: Emerging disease issues and fungal pathogens associated with HIV infection, Emerg Infect Dis 2:109–116, 1996.

Table 32-3. Fungal Pathogens in HIV Infection
	ORGANISM		CLINICAL FEATURES
	Candida albicans		Thrush, vaginal, and esophageal candidiasis
	Cryptococcus neoformans		Pulmonary and disseminated disease, meningitis, skin, eye, prostate
	Histoplasma capsulatum		Disseminated disease with fever, weight loss, and predilection for reticuloendothelial system, adrenal glands, and CNS
	Coccidioides immitis		Disseminated and pulmonary disease. Predilection for skin, lymph nodes, bones/joints, and CNS
	Blastomyces dermatitidis		Disseminated and pulmonary disease. Predilection for lung, skin, bone, CNS, and prostate
	Aspergillus fumigatus		Disseminated and pulmonary disease
	Penicillium marneffei		Disseminated disease with fever, anemia, weight loss Mucocutaneous lesions are common
	Sporotrichosis schenckii		Disseminated disease. Sites of predilection: joints/bones, eyes, and meninges